Safety appliance for elevators.



' No. 754,432. PATENTBD MAR. 15, 1904.

J. CRUIGKSHANK & c. s. BURNHAM. SAFETY APPLIANCE FOR ELEVATORS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 9, 1903. N0 MODEL. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WITNESSES: INVENTORS 'PATENTED MAR. 15, 1904.

J. CRUICKSHANK & 0. S. BURNHAM.

- SAFETY APPLIANCE FOR ELEVATORS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 9, 1903. H0 MODEL. f 3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

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mummifi- 1mg uuuu uuu-u IN VE/V T 0R5 WITNESSES:

A TTORNEY.

ITED- STATES Patented March 15, 1904.

PATENT OEF-IcE.

JAMEs cnUIcKsHANK, OF N YORKQHN. Y.. AND CHARLES s. BURNHAM, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA; SAID BURNHAM ASSIGNOR TO sAID ORUIQKSHANK.

SQAFYETYV APPL ANCE FOR ELEVATORS.

SPEGIFICATIOIT forming part of Letters Patent No. 754,432, dated March 15, 1904. A .pplication filed JanIiar y Q, 1903 Serial No. 138,365. (No model.)

To aZ whom it may concern:

Be. it known that we, J AMES GRUIcKs ANK, residingat-the city of New York, in the county and State of New York, and CHARLEs BURN- HAM, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, 'oiti' Zens of the United States, have jointlyinvented certain new and useful Improvements in' Safety Appliances for Elevators, of which the I following is a specification. v, I 4 The invention relates to lmprov'ements 1n elevators,'and pertains more particularly to improvements in safety appliances for eleva'f tors; and said invention consists in the novel 1 5 features and arrangement and combinations of parts hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the-claims. c

The object ofthein'vention is: to effect the gradual stoppage of an elevator'car vin c'ase of excessive speed inlthe same, and' consequently to avoid the accidents and consequences due orlikely toresult froma'fall or runaway of an elevator-car.

In general respects the-present invention re lates to certain improvements, which will be pointed out-hereinafter, upon the apparatus described and claimed in Letters Patent of the United States N 0. 601,909., dated April 5, 1898, and No. 618,141, dated January 24:, .1899, for

improvements in'elevators. I I p a r The present invention will be fully understood vfrom the detailed description hereina ff ter presented, reference being had tothe ac companying drawings, in which tion through a portion of. an elevatorshaft equipped with a car and safetyappliance s' con structed in accordance with and embodyingour invention. Fig. 2 is .a detached'top View of a 4 portion of the governor mechanism carried by the car. Fig. 3 is an enlarged side elevation of the car, partly broken away, and the gov; ernor mechanism. 1 Fig. & is a detached face View, partlylbroken away and partly in section, of one ofthe retarders disposed on thesuspended wire rodsdoy-Which in case of accident the car becomes arrested. Fig. 5 is a view corresponding substantially with aside elevation of same.

same.

Figure 1 maybe considered as a'vertical sec 1, butillustrating a slight modification of the invention in that the governor devices instead of being carried by the car, as shown in. Fig.1, are arranged upon the structure at the upper end of the elevator-shaft. Fig. 6 is a detached top view of the governormechanism presentedv in Fig. 5. Fig, 7 is Fig. 8 is a detached bottom view of a portion of the mechfanisrn carried by the lower end of the car.

Fig. 9 is an elevation of certain appliances whereby upon thefcar attaining an undue speed on its upwardmovement it may be retarded and also eifect the stoppage of the motor-power used for operating the car. Fig.

10: is a side or edgeview of-same', the car beingfpartly broken away. Fig. 11 is an eleva- .tion of the means at the lower end of the elevator-shaft for holding and maintaining the due relation of the series of suspended wire rods upon which the retarders to arrest-the oar areplaced." Fig. 12 is an edge view of Fig. 13 is an enlarged elevation of a portion of the plate or frame shown in Fig.

. 11. Fig. 14 is an edge view of same, and Fig.

15 presents an edge view and top view of one' of the eyebolts for-securing the-individual suspended wires to the frame illustrated in Fig. 11. 1 4

In the drawings,2O designates the usual passengercar:or hoist, 21 the usual hoisting-cable, and 22 the customary engine for operating the car, said engine being, as usual, equipped with suitable means for stopping and starting the same, said means being normallyunder the control of the-attendant in the car by.

means of an endless cable 23, passing through thecar in the usual manner and around a pul ley 24 at the top of the elevator shaft or Well, around the pulleys 25 26 at the base of the elevator shaft or well, and around a pulley 27,

connectedjvvith the stopping and starting deyicesof the engine. The hand rope or cable 23 is of usual character, and one section of the same passes through the carin position to be grasped by the attendant and moved upwardly or downwardly for actuating the starting and stopping devices, and thereby I placing the movement of the car under the control of the attendant or operator. In accordance with our invention we provide, as hereinafter described, means for stopping the engine, as well as arresting the car upon the latter attaining an undue speed. 7 V

Extending vertically of the elevator shaft or well and at the opposite sides of the path.

elevator shaft or well will not be in line with other retarders arranged at the other side the ,wires 28 are firmly secured.

of the shaft or well, but will be disposed at one side of the shaft on horizontal planes intermediate the horizontal planes of the .retarders at the other side of the shaft or well,

.this arrangement of the retarders 29 not being absolutely essential, but desirable. In the present instance we provide improved means for maintaining the series of vertical wire rods 28 and also an improved construction of retarder 29 for use onsaid. wire rods 28.. The

wire-rods 28 extend upwardly through aper .tures' in the upper structural beam 30 and .areencompassed by the coiled springs 31, engaging at their lower ends the beam 30andj at theirupper ends; the plates 32, whereby thewire rods 28 become yieldingly suspended. At their lower ends the wire rods 28 are' secured, by means of bolts 33,Fig. 15, to a plate 34, whose ends are secured to bars 35, held in guides 36, the said bars 35 below the upper guides 36, Figs. 11 and 12, being encompassed by the coiled springs 37, which yieldingly resist the upward movement of theplate 34 and bars35, said plate and bars constituting a yielding frame to which the lower ends of The plate 34 has formed in it the conical recesses 38 and apertures 39, said apertures being at the base of said recesses and receiving the shank of the bolts 33, through the eyes 40 of which the in-' dividual wire rods 28 are passed. After the lower ends of thewires28 havebeen passed through the eyes 40 of the bolts 33 the latter are securedto and pulled toward the plate 34 by means of the nuts 41, the tightening of which upon said bolts serves to draw the head of the latter, with the wires 28, into the recesses 38 of the plate 34, and in this manner the lower portions of the wires 28 are elfectually and each independently secured to the plate 34.

The retarders 29 comprise a pair of plates 42 43, which correspond with each other and are connected together by the series of pins or rods 44, between which the wires 28 are passed and which preserve in said wires a bend, as shown in Fig. 4, there being a series of the pins 44 and Wires 28 adjacent to each end portion of the retarder 29, while intermediate said end portions of said retarder and intermediate the series of wires28, at'the respective ends thereof, is provided the contact-plate 45, to be engaged by the dogs hereinafter described, at the proper time carried by the car 20, and this contact plate or bar 45 extends upwardly above the plates 42 43 and from the upper inner edge thereof inclines downwardly and outwardly, as shown in Fig. 3, said plate or bar 45 in that portion thereof located above the plates 42 43 constituting a head bearing upon the upper horizontal edges of said plates, while that portion of the said plate or bar 45 extending downwardly inten mediate the plates 42 43 forms a shank -46, recessed at its opposite vertical edges to engage the facing sides of the two upper central pins or rods 44', as shown in Fig; 4, whereby'said plate or bar 45 becomes by said pins or rods 44 effectually secured in position. The head formed at the upper end of the plate or bar '45 has'a firm bearing upon the upper edges of the plates 42 43,'and the purpose of inclining the upper surfaces of said head in an outward and downward direction is to insure the proper engagement therewith of the dogs '47 -c'arried'by the car'20. The form of the dogs 47 is clearly illustrated in Figs. land 3, and these dogs are pivotally secured at 48 and formed with the outwardly and downwardly extending members 49 and'inn'er'substantially vertical member 50, there being created between the members 49 and 50 a triangularlyshaped jaw adapted at the proper time to receive and bear firmly upon the head of the contact plates or bars 45 constituting a' por-' tion of'the'retarders 29, the dog 47 in Fig; 3 being illustrated as having passed into contact with oneof the said plates or bars 45. The member 49 of the dogs 47 inclines 'outwardly-and downwardly, so as to assuredly when necessary engage the contact plate or 'bar 45 and effect the'inclosureof the upper or head end of said plate or bar within the space intermediate the upper portion of 'saidmember 49 and the inner member 50. In the preferred construction 'there will be two of the dogs 47 at each side of the lower end of the elevator car, and said dogs will be so mounted and connected up with their operative mechanism that a dog at each side of the lower end of the car will be held in its outer or engaging position, while the'other dogs.'0ne at each side of the lower endof the car 20-are held in their inner inoperative position, and inthe present instance we mount below the car 20 the rock 'shafts 51 52, and from one of said rock-shafts through ordinary crank-arms'and connecting-rods the pair' of- 'diago'nally 'opposite dogs 47 (one dog being at each side of the car) areoperatedthat is, moved outwardly into operative. position to engage the retarders 1 or nwardly to pass sald retarders, as occasion ,rnay Iequire an'dfromthe other one of said rock-shafts, the other diagonally opposite dogs, one at eachside ofth e car, are by suitable 'crank arms and connecting-rods actuated and controlled. 7 One dog at the left-hand side of the car ZO is by meansflof a'crank-arm 53 connectedwith a vertically-movable connecting-rod,54', andthe other dog 47 at the same side-of the oarisby'rneansof a 'similarcr'ankarm connected with a corresponding connect-' .i ng+rod 55, and'th'ese rods 54 55 extend up wardly along theside of the'car and at their upperyends. are connected. with bell-crank levers 56, mounted upon the top of the car, said bell- .crank le'vers56 being in' operative connection withthe governor mechanism, hereinafter de-Q scribed, and adaptedunder the operation of. said mechanism'to impart either a'jdownward or an upward motion to the rods54 55, the construction being such that when the rod 54-ismoved downwardly it will throw the dogs 47 ,actuated from it,.inwardly, as shown in Fig. 1, and that at suchtime the rod-55'will be moved up-f wardly for the purpose of throwing the dogs with which it isioperatively connected in an outward position in the path of the retarders 29,as illustrated in Fig. "1, The governor mechanism isgthus of a duplex. character and is arrangedto impartreverse movement to of dogs 47..

a s a areglven their respect ve movements anddurmg certa n ntervals, maintained in the1r re .the rods 554- and diagonally-arranged pairs Themechanism by which during the travel of the car 20 the rods 54 and 55'and dogs 47 spective positions comprises in' the constructions shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3a main supporting-shaft 57, a" pair of reversely-arranged cams 58, secured thereon, a .sprocket 'wheel 59,. secured Lon said shaft intermediate said cams 58, means operated byfthe" car for imparting rotary memento saidshaft, cams, and sprocket-wheel, rock-shafts 60',carrying at one 1 end'crank-armshl, having rollers to engage saidrock shafts tiO, vertical rods63, passing: through said 7 weighted lever-arms 62'and at the peripheries of 'the oarns"58 ,"weighted arms 62, rigidly secured to the other end of their lower: ends secured to' the weighted lever cranks .64, and connecting-rods 65 at one end pivotally secured to said lever-cranks 64 and at the other end pivotally secured to] the. aforesaid bell-crank flevers 56, connected with the vertical operating-rods 54 55. r The cams 58' are duplicates of one another; but

oneof said cams is setone-half turn in adv impart through the intermediate mechanism Vance of the other, so that said cams become thereby reversely arranged and are enabled to reverse movements to the vertical rods 54 55, through which and the-suitable crank-arms and.'connecting-rods below the car'20 the proper alternate or reverse movementsar'e 'justable weights 69 to insure the proper action of said rollers with respect to the pethe same.

created in the pair of-dogs-47. Each oi -the cams '58 is formed alongitsperiphery with a 'rather extended concentric surface 66, an inclined surface 67 ,j and 'adist-inct concavity or recess 68, and it is overthe peripheries of the cams 58 that the rollers carried by the crankarrns 61 travel, being normally maintained against said peripheries by the weightedarrns '62, these arms being equipped with the adripheries of said cams. The weighted levers '64 are pivotally mounted, as denoted at 7 O in Fig. 3, and at their outer ends the saidlevers 64 are by means of the-bolts 71 pivotally connected with the rods 65 and lower ends of the vertical rods '63.- The rods 63, are threaded at their upper and lower portions to receive the nuts 72, which serve as contacts or stops 'for the lever-arms 62- during the movement of the latter. Theshaft 57 and cams 58 receive, their motion from the sprocketwheel 59, and this wheel 59 receives its motion through a sprocket-chain 73, connecting it with a sprocketwheel74, mounted upona shaft 75 with a drum 7 6, said shaft 75 being shaft, while the lower end of the cable79 is secured to the base of the elevatorshaft,

and the upper end of the cable 78 and lower end of the cable 79 will preferably beequipped with spring take-ups 80 of any suitable character. 9 The cables 78 79 are utilized as the means for during the travel of the car 20 imparting motion to the drum 76, and through said drum, shaft 7 5, sprocket-wheel 7 4, and chain '73 tothe sprocket-wheel 59 and cams 58'. As

the car 20 descends the-cable 78 will unwind I from the drum 7 6, the latter turning, and the cable 79'willwind upon said drum and during" the ascent of the-car 20 the cable 79 will unwind from the drum 76 and-the cable 78 "will be'wound upon said drum. The drum 76'thus' during both the descent and ascent :of the car 20 is rotated, with its shaft 75, and

the motion of said drum will be communiicated through the chain 73 to the-cams 58, the latter therefore performing a constant rotation during thetravel of the car. One cam "58 is employed for'eaoh system of the dogs 47 and by'means ofthe'cams 58 and the parts 5 operated therefromthe dogs 47 are during pass the retarders 29 without contacting with While the surfaces 66 of the cams 58are moving against the rollers of the crank- 7 arms 61 the dogs 47 will be held in their outer or engaging position in the path of the retarders 29, and when the depressions 68 of cheme was t e S lle s t e letter Will,

'the normal or safe speed of thecar made toif the car is traveling at a safe speed, enter said depressions under the action of the weighted arms 62 and allow said arms 62 to descend against the lower stop-nuts 72, depressing the outer end of the weighted levers 6 1 and operating through the rods 65 to turn the dogs 47 inwardly, as shown in Fig. 1, so that they may pass the retarders 29 next below them. After the rollers carried by the crank-arms 61 leave the depressions or recesses 68 of the cams 58 the weighted lever-arms 62 are gradually restored to their normal position, and the dogs 47 are moved outwardly again intothe path of the retarders 29, being given their full outward position upon the surfaces 66 of said cams reaching said rollers. If the car should attain an undue speed, the rollers carried by the crank-arms 61 will not have an opportunity, due to the then rapidity of motion of the cams 58, to enter the recesses 68 of said cams, and at suchtime the dogs operated by the respective cams will not be turned inwardly to pass the retarders 29 next below them, but will be left in their outer or engaging position to strike upon the contact-bars 45 of said retarders, as illustrated in Fig. 3, and the engagement of 'said dogs with said retarders will result in the car being brought to a gradual stop, the retarders 29 at such time moving downwardly upon .the wire rods 28 for a limited distance until both the retarders and car come to rest. g The time at which the dogs 17 either strike upon or pass the retarders 29 is when the rollers carried by the crank-arms 61 are about opposite to the projecting portion of the cams 58, intermediate the recesses or depressed surfaces 67 68 thereof. When the car is traveling upwardly, the surfaces 67 of the cams 58 permit the arms 61 to turn inwardly far enough to allow the arms 62 to efiect such inward movement of the dogs &7 as will enable them to pass theretarders 29, and when the car is traveling downwardly at a safe speed, especially if it is moving slowly, the recesses 68 of the cams 58' present themselves to the rollers carried by the crank-arms 61 and permit said arms to turn inwardly far enough to allow the arms 62 to effect such inward movement of the dogs 17 as will enable them to pass the retarders 29. The recesses 68 of the cams 58 are somewhat deep and short, so that a rapid elevator-car may with safety travel at such speed that the said recesses will pass the rollers of the arms 61 without said rollers entering said recesses, said rollers at such time moving inwardly and meeting the projecting surface intermediate the depressions 67 68 of the cams 58, which surface is set inwardly far enough to allow, when said rollers move against them during safe conditions, the inward moveto move inwardly to a suflicient extent for the dogs 47 to .pass the retarders 29, and under such condition the dogs will strike upon the retarders at the time saidrollers are about opposite to the projecting surface intermediate the depressions 67 68 of the cams 58, and then said arms to turn inwardly and effect the passage of the dogs 47 by the retarders 29. The dogs 47 have but one reciprocation, inward and then outward, during each rotation of the cam 58, this being due to the position of the upper nuts 72, although during each rotation of the cam 58 the arms 62 have two movements, one-being a slight movement, while the projecting surface intermediate the depressions 67 68 is passing the roller carried by the crank-arm 61. r

The governor mechanism just above described as carried upon the car 20 and operated during the travel of said car constitutes a portion of our invention sought to be protected hereby, and in this connection we desire it to be understood that the invention is not limited to the special means shown forimparting rotary motion to the cams 58.

In addition to providing means for gradually stopping the car in case of accident or in the event that the car should for any cause obtain an undue speed we provide means for stopping the elevator-motor 22,'as may be understood by reference to Fig. l, which illustrates two styles of apparatus for stopping the motor or'engine 22 when the dogs 47 of the car 20 contact with the retarders 29. When the dogs 17 strike the retarders 29, the upper portion of the rods 28 will yield downwardly under the compression of the springs 31, and this downward pull upon the rods 28 at the left-hand side of Fig. 1 will be imparted through the spring 81 to the short arm of the pivoted lever 82 and thence through the longer arm of said lever to the rope 83 (passing over sheaves 84:) and check-rope 85, whose ends are fastened to the opposite sides of the cable 23,

.with the result that a pull will be exerted on v necting the motorand magnet-brake 89. The.

illustrate adjacent to the beam 30 a cut-out switch 86 with a bell-crank lever 87 in position when the rods 28 are pulled downwardly to be contacted with and moved by the plate 32 to break the circuit of the wires 88, constoppage of the motor or engine 22 may thus beaccomplished either mechanically or electrically from the motion imparted to the wire rods '28 upon the strikingof the dogs/17 upon the retarders '29.

In Figs. 1 and 3 we'illustrate the governor mechanism as being carried upon the upper end of the car 20; but'we do not desire to confine the invention to the placingof suchmech anism upon the car, since it maybe arranged upon the structure at the upper end ofthe' elevator-shaft, and hence in Figs. 5, 6, and 7 we indicate a methodof employing the governor mechanism in stationary position above the elevator-shaft. The car 20, hoisting-ca"- ble 21, wire rods 28, retarders 29, and dogs 47Fshown in Fig. 5 correspond with the likenumbered features hereinbefore described with reference "to the structure of'Fig. 1, and inthestructure of Figs. 5, 6, and7 the governor-cams (numbered '90) are mounted upon ashaft 91, which has its bearings in the standards 92, forming a part of a general supporting-frame 93, suitably supportedupo'n a base 94, and upon the shaft 91 is secured, in-

termediate the'cam-disks 90,2 sprocket-wheel cams 90, the latter being thus made to rotate during the movement of the car 20. The cams 90 of F igs: "5, 6, and 7 are rever'sely arranged" with respect to each other, so that'each cam 90 may operate its own system or pair of dogs 47 L The'cams 90' are at their peripheries engaged bysmall rollers 100, carried by the crank-arms 101, which are secured upon the v inner end of rock-shafts "102, upon which are secured the-weightedlever-arms 103, having short eXtensio'ns'104, movable upon the vertical rods 105, the latter corresponding with the rods 63 ofFig. 3 and having at their upper ends the stop-nuts 106. The "weighted 107 oonne'ctingthe meeting ends of the tog-' gle-levers 108 109, as more clearly shown in lever-arms 103 normallykeep the rollers'100, carried by the crank-arms 101, against the peripheries of the cams 90. The lower ends of'the vertical rods are secured upon pivots Fig. 7, the'outer end "of the levers'108 being securedupon 'pins'f110; Fig. 6, whilethe outer ends of the levers 109 are secured by pins 111 tothe'arms 112 of bell-crank levers 113; the latterbei'ngupon the outer ends Of' the rock-shafts 102, as shown in Fig. 6,v and having connected with the outer ends of their longer arms the cables or ropes 114, which,

as shown in Fig. 5, extend through the length of the elevator-shaft and are secured at their lower ends to the base of said shaft. The ropes or cables 114 are utilized to impart motion to the pairs of dogs 47, one of said cables being utilized for one diagonally-arranged pair of 'said dogs and the other cable being furnished for the other pair of diagonally-arranged dogs 47 and each cable 114 having an independent operation controlled by its cam 90. The dogs 47 (shown in Fig. have the same movements imparted to them as the dogs shown in Fig. 1; but in Fig. 5- the dogs receive their motion by the movement of the lever-arms 113 and cables 114 in lieu of, as in Fig. 1, from the vertically-movable rods 54 55. The cables 114 (shown in Figs. 5 and 7) pass over pulley-wheels 115 116, mounted upon crank-arms and adapted, through intermediate crank-arms and connections, to actuate the dogs 47, subject to the movement imparted to said cables and their lever-arms 113 from the cams 90. The rock-shaft 117 is provided with a weighted arm 118, which places a tension upon the cables 114 and aids the lat-Y ter in securing to the dogs 47 their proper positions; The cams'90 contain the reverselyarranged depressions, as shown in Figs. 5 and 7, and these depressions while passing the rollers 100' of thecrank-arms 101 normally allow the lever-arms 113 to have such movemerit-that the cables 114 will assure the pass ing of "the dogs 47 around the retarders 29; but upon an undue speed in the car 20 the said rollers 100will not pass into the deeper part of the said depressions, and in such event the dogs 47 will be left in'their outward position inthe path of the retarders. When the rollers100 enter the depressions of the cams 90, the weighted arms 103 turn downwardly at their weighted ends, and this causes the short extensions 104 of said arms tomove upwardly against the nut-stops 106 on the vertical rods 101, with the result thatsaid rods are moved upwardly and turn the'toggle -levers 108 109 into the position in which they are shown in Fig. 7 by'dotted lines, and after the rollers 100 have passed upon the concentric portion of the periphery of the cams the crankarms'101 are by the cams forced outwardly and straighten out the toggle-levers 108109,

as shown by solid lines in Fig. 7

The construction shown in Figs. 5 to 8, in-

clusive, performs the same functions as the structure'shown in Figs. 1, 2. and 3; butin lieu of the governing devices being carried by the car, as in Fig. 1, they are in the construction shown in Figs. 5, 6, and 7 mounted upon the stationary structure above the elevatorshaft.' At the left-hand side of vFig. .1 we illustrate means for stopping the motor or engine 22 from the retarder-wires 28 during the descent of the car 20. An occasion may arise when it may be desired to-also stop the motor or engine 22 during'the ascent of the car 20,

- ascent in case it should attain undue speed and also stopping the motor or engine 22, and in Figs. 9 and 10 we present such means, having omitted them from Fig. 1, so as not to complicate the illustration there presented.

In Figs. 9 and 10 it will be seen that we pro- ,videthe upper portion of the car with a frame 119 and the sides of the elevator-shaft with wires :120, bearing retarders 121 122 corresponding with the retarders 29 for arresting the car during its descent. The wires 120 are a secured at their upper ends to the overhead structure and at their lower ends to rods 123, carrying plates 124 and springs 125, the latter being interposed between said plates 124 and stationary bars 126, through which said rods 123 will be guided, as shown in Fig. 9. Should the car attain an undue speed during its upward motion, the frame 119, carried by the top of the car, will contact with the retarders 121 and become arrested thereby, and at this time the upward pull on the wires 120 will cause the ascent of the plates 124 against the switch-levers 127, corresponding with the switch-levers 87 of Fig. 1, for the purpose of breaking the circuit connecting the motor and its magnet-brake, The construction shown in Fig. 1, coupled with that shown in Figs. 9 and 10, thus present means for arresting the car in case of undue speed in the latter during its descent and stopping the motor or engine 22 and also means for arresting the car during its ascent in case of undue speed in the car and stopping the motor or engine 22. It will be understood that the wires 120 andretarders 121 122 and frames 119 (shown inFigs. 9 and 10) will be duplicated at opposite sides of the elevator shaft or well, and in Figs. 9 and 10 we illustrate two retarders 121 122, so that in case of accident the retarder 121 while moving upwardly on thewires 120 may contact with the retarder 122, and thus arrest the car 20 before it has an opportunity to crash into the overhead,

' position to pass the retarders next below them The rods 28 and 120 are preferably of plain structure.

round wire; but said rods instead of being round may be either oval or rectangular in cross-section.

What we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In safety appliances for elevators,the car, a movable dog carried thereby, the vertical rod secured in the elevator-shaft adjacent to the pathof the car, the retarder thereon to be engaged at the proper time by said dog, the rotary cam with intermediate connections for controlling the position of said dog andenabling it to pass said retarder when the car is traveling at a safe speed, andmeans for rotating said cam in harmony with the movement of said car; substantially as set forth.

2. In safety apparatus for elevators, the car,

movable dogs carried by and at the opposite sides of said car, the vertical rods secured at opposite sides of the elevator-shaft adjacent to the path of said car, the retarders on said rods to be engaged at the proper time by said dogs, the rotary cam with intermediate connections for controlling the position of said dogs and enabling them to pass said retarders when the car is traveling at a safe speed, and means for rotating said cam in harmony with the movement of said car; substantially as set forth.

3. In safety apparatus for elevators, the car, movable dogs carried by and at the opposite sides of said car, the vertical rods secured at opposite sides of the elevator-shaft adjacent to the path of said car, the retarders on said rods to be engaged at the proper time by said dogs, the rotary cam-disks with intermediate connections for controlling the position of said dogs and enabling them to alternately move inward from the path of said retarders when the car is traveling at a safe speed, and means for rotating said cam-disks in harmony with I the movement of said car, said cam-disks having reversely-arranged surfaces to effect an alternate movement of said dogs; substantially as set forth.

4. In safety apparatus for elevators, the car, sets of movable dogs carried by and at the opposite sides of said car with thedogs at one side respectively connected with the dogs at the other side to move therewith, the vertical rods secured at opposite sides of' the elevator-shaft adjacent to the path of said car, the retarders on said rods to be engaged at the proper time by said dogs, the rotary cam-disks with intermediate connections for respectively controlling the position of said connected sets of dogs and enabling them to alternately move inward from the path of said retarders when the car is traveling at a safe speed, and means for rotating said cam-disks in harmony with the movement of said car, said cam-disks having reversely-arranged surfaces to effect an alternate movement of said connected sets of dogs, whereby when one set of dogs is moved into the other set of dogs are given a position to engage the retarders next below them; substantially as set forth.

5. In safety apparatus for elevators, the car, the dogs carried at opposite sides of the car, means connecting the diagonally arranged dogs in sets to effect the simultaneous movement inward and outward of the dogs of each set, the vertical rods in the elevator-shaft, the retarders on said rods to be engaged at the proper time by said dogs, the rotary cam-disks with intermediate connections for respectively controlling the position of said sets of dogs, and means for rotating said cam-disks in harmony with the movement of said car; substantially asset forth.

6. In safety apparatus for elevators, the car, a movable dog carried thereby, the vertical rod secured in the elevator-shaft adjacent to the path of said car, the retarder thereon to be engaged at. the proper time by said dog, the rotary. governor-cam for controlling the position of said dog, the crank-arm engaging at one end the surfaces presented by said cam,

'means for yieldingly maintaining the said arm against said cam, means connecting said crankarm and dog whereby thelatter may be moved shaft atoppositesides of the path of said car,

the retarders thereon to be engaged at the proper timejby said dogs, the rotary governorcam for controlling the position'of said dogs, the crank-arm'engaging atone end the surfaces presented by said ,c'am, means for yieldingly maintaining the said arm against said cam, means connecting said crank arm and set of dogs' wher'eby the lattermay be moved from saidarm, and meansfforrotating said cam in l substantially as set forth;

'10. In safety, apparatus for elevators, the

stantially asset forth.

8. In safety apparatus for elevators, the car, the dogs carried atopposite'sides of the car, means connecting the diagonally arranged dogs in sets toefiect the simultaneous movement inward and outward of'the dogs of each set, the vertical rods in the elevator-shaft, the retarderson said rods to be engaged at the harmonywith the movement of the car; subproper time by sa-id'dog's', the rotarygovernorcamsreversely arranged for controlling the po- ,sition of said dogs,the independent crank-arms respectively engaging at one end the surfaces presented by said cams, means for yieldingly maintaining the said arms'against said cams, 2 -means' lnd'ependentlyconnecting saidcrankarms with the respective sets of dogs whereby the latter are moved from said arms, and means for rotating saidcams 'in harmony with the movement ofthe car; substantially'as set forth. 9. In safety apparatus for elevators, the car,

the movable connected dogs carried thereby,

the v'erticalrods adjacentto the opposite sides of the path of saidcar, the retarders on said rods to be engaged at the proper time by saiddogs,

the rotary cam for controlling the position of said dogs, the crank-arm engaging the", surfaces presented by said cam, the weighted arm yieldingly pressing said" crank-arm against said cam, a second crankto be actuated by the first- Inentioned crank-arm, means connecting this second crank with said dogs for moving them as required, and meansfor rotating said cam in harmony with themovement of the car;

car, the dogsicarried at oppositesides of the car, means connecting the diagonally-arranged dogs in sets to effect the simultaneous movement inward and outward of the dogs of each set, the vertical rods in the elevator-shaft, the retarders on said rods to be engaged at the proper time by said dogs, the rotary governorcams for controlling the position of said dogs, the independent crank-arms engaging the re versely-arranged surfaces presented by said cams,the weighted arms yieldingly pressing said crank-arms against their respective cams, independent cranks to be respectively actuated by said crank-arms, means independently connecting said independent cranks respectively with said sets of dogs for moving them as required, and means for rotating said camsin harmony with the movement of the car; substantially as set forth.

, 11. In safety apparatus for elevators, the car, the vertical rod and retarder thereon, the movable dog carried by the car to engage said retarder at the proper time, the rotary governor cam'mounted on the car, the crank-arm engaging said cam, and means connecting said arm and dog, combined with the drum 76 carried by the car, the cables 7 8 and 79 connected with said drum and also at the top and bottom of the elevator-shaft, and means for communicating motion from said drum to said cam; substantially as set forth,

12. In safety apparatus for elevators, the car, the vertical rods and retarders thereon,

the movable dogs carried by the car to engage said retarders at the propertime, the rotary governor-cams mounted on the car, the crankarms engaging the reversely-arranged surfaces of said cams, and means independently connecting said arms and dogs, combined with the drum 76 carried by the car, the cables 78, 79. connected with said drum and also with the top and bottom of the elevator shaft, and

means for communicating motion from said drum to said cams; substantially as set forth. 13. In safety apparatus for elevators, the

7 car, the vertical rods and retarders thereon, the movable dogs carried by the carto engage said retarders at the proper time, the rotary governor-cams mounted on the car, the crankarms engaging the reverselyarranged S111: faces of said cams, and means independently connecting said arms and dogs, combined with the drum 76 carried by thecar foroperating said cams, and means for actuating said drum during and in -harmony with the movement of the car; "substantially as set forth.

14. In'safety apparatus for elevators, the car, the vertical rod and retarder thereon, the movable dog to engage, said retarder atthe proper time, the rotary governor-cam mounted on the car, the crank-arm 61 engaging said cam, the weighted arm 62 connected with said crank-arm, the vertical rod 62 carrying stops to beengaged by said weighted arm, the pivoted weighted lever-crank 64 connected atone end with said vertical rod, and means intermediate said endof said lever-crank and said Igo dog for actuating said dog therefrom, combined with means for rotating said cam dur-' ing and in harmony with the movement of the car; substantially as set forth.

15. In safety apparatus for elevators, the car, the vertical rods and retarders at the sides of the path thereof, the movable dogs carried by and at opposite sides of the carto engage said retarders at the proper time, the corre sponding but reversely-arranged rotary governor-cams mounted on the car, the independentcrank-arms 61 for said cams, the weighted arms 62 connected with said crank-arms, the

vertical rods 62 carrying stops to be engaged by said weighted arms, the pivoted weighted lever-cranks 64 connected at one end with said Vertical rods, and means intermediate said end of said lever-cranks and the respective sets of dogs for actuating said dogs therefrom, comsaid dog, said retarder comprising the'plates 42, 43 the pins 44 between which the wire rods are held, and the contact-bar45 bearing upon the upper edges of said plates and hav-j ing its lower portion extended between said plates and recessed at its opposite edges to fit between and engage the facing sides of the two upper inner pins 44; substantially as set forth.

17. In safety apparatus for elevators, the car having the movable dog, and means for controlling said dog, combined with the plurality of flexible wire rods, and the retarder thereon to be engaged at the proper time byv said dog, said retarder comprising the plates 42, 43 the pins 44 between which the wire .rods are held, and the contact-bar 45 whose upper surface inclines downwardly and outwardly, and saiddog having the downwardly and outwardly inclined finger 49 and inner finger 50 forming between them a space conforming to the upper portion of said contactbar; substantially as set forth.

18. In safety apparatus for elevators, the

car having the movable dog, and means for controlling said dog, combined with the flexible wire rods having the retarder to be engaged. at the proper time by said dog, the springs sustaining said rods at their upper ends, the plate 34 to which said rods are secured at their lower end, the end bars 35 connected with said plate, the guides 36 for said bars, and the springs 37 yieldingly resisting any upward movement of said plate; substantially as set forth.

19. In safety apparatus for elevators, the car having the movable dog, and means'for controlling said dog, combined with the flexi-' ble wire rods having the retarder to be engaged atthe proper time by said dog, the springs sustaining said rods at their upper ends, the plate 34 for the lower ends of said rods and having the recesses 39 and apertures 38, and the bolts and nuts 33, 41, said bolts beingfadapted to said' recesses and apertures and Y having the eyes 40 in theirshead end to re-.

iceive said rods and bind them to said' plate; substantially as set forth. I 20. In safety apparatus for elevators, the.

car having the movable dog, means for con-' trolling said dog,'the rod having the retarder thereon to be engaged'at the proper time by said dog and-the spring connected with one end of said rod and allowing the same a limited lengthwise movement when said dog contacts with said retarder, combinedwith ap-- pliances to be actuated by the pull on said rod against the resistance of said spring for stopping the elevator-motor; substantially as set forth. I

21. In safety apparatus for elevators the car, the rod having a retarder thereon to be engaged by a part carried by the car should the latter attain undue speed, said rod being allowed a limited lengthwise movement under such engagement, and the spring to 'resist such movement of said rod, combined withappliances to be actuated by such movement of said rod in opposition to said-spring for stopping the elevator-motor; substantially as set forth.

22. In safety apparatus for elevators, the car having the movable dog, means forcontrolling said dog, the rod having the retarder IOO thereonto be engaged at the proper time by said dog for arresting the car, the spring suspending said rod and allowing a limitedmovement in the same under such engagement, and

the stopping and starting cable 23, combinedwith the pivoted lever-82 at one end connected with said rod, and means connecting the other end of said lever with said cable'23 forstop said pivoted lever; substantially as set forth.

ping the 'elevator-motor-under theaction of 231 In safety apparatus for elevators, the car, thedogs carried thereby, means forcontrolling said dogs, andthe wire rods having retarders thereon to beengaged by said dogs at the proper time for arresting said car dun-.-

ing its descent, combined-with the sets of inclined wire'rods having retarders thereon adjacent to and at-oppositesides of the'top. of the elevator-shaft to be engaged by the carv in case the latter should attain unduespeed during its upward travel; substantially as set forth.

24.- In safety apparatus for elevators,thel

car, the dogs carried thereby, means for controlling said dogs, the wire'rods having retarders thereonto be engaged by said dogs at the proper time for arresting saidcar during its descent, said rods being allowed a limited said additional wire rods for stopping the molengthwise movement when said dogs strike tor; substantially as set forth. the retarders, and means to be set in motion Signed at New York, in the county and by such movement of said rods for stopping State ofNew York, this 7th day of January,

5 the motor, combined with the sets of addi- A. D. 1903.

tional wire rods 120 having retarders thereon JAMES CRUICKSHANK. adjacent to and at opposite sides of the top of CHARLES S. BURNHAM. the elevator-shaft to be engaged by the car Witnesses: in case the latter should attain undue speed CHAS, C. GILL, I during its ascent, and means operable from ARTHUR MARION. 

